Analysis of Ocean Wave Energy Utilization for Renewable Electricity Generation

Abstract

The growing global demand for electricity, coupled with the depletion of fossil fuel reserves and increasing environmental concerns, has accelerated the development of sustainable and low-carbon energy sources. Among the available renewable energy resources, ocean wave energy represents a promising alternative due to its abundant availability and substantial energy potential, particularly in coastal and island regions. This study examines the potential of ocean wave energy as a renewable source of electricity and reviews the technologies employed for its conversion. Through Wave Energy Converter (WEC) systems, the kinetic and potential energy contained in ocean waves can be captured and converted into mechanical energy, which is subsequently transformed into electrical power. The utilization of ocean wave energy offers several potential benefits, including reduced greenhouse gas emissions, decreased dependence on fossil fuels, and increased energy diversification. Nevertheless, its large-scale implementation remains constrained by high capital and maintenance costs, variability in wave conditions, technological limitations, and the corrosive effects of marine environments. Continued technological innovation and further research are therefore essential to enhance conversion efficiency, system reliability, durability, and economic feasibility. The development of effective wave energy technologies could contribute significantly to a more resilient, sustainable, and environmentally responsible future energy system.